Test Bank for The Dental Hygienist’s Guide to Nutritional Care, 3rd Edition, Cynthia Stegeman, Judi Davis

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Table of Contents

PART I: ORIENTATION TO BASIC NUTRITION

CHAPTER 1: Overview of Healthy Eating Habits

BASIC NUTRITION

PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF NUTRIENTS

BASIC CONCEPTS OF NUTRITION

GOVERNMENT NUTRITION CONCERNS

NUTRIENT RECOMMENDATIONS: DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES (DRIs)

FOOD GUIDANCE SYSTEMS FOR AMERICANS

DIETARY GUIDELINES FOR AMERICANS

FOOD PYRAMID SYSTEM

OTHER FOOD GUIDES

NUTRITION LABELING

 

CHAPTER 2: The Alimentary Canal: Digestion and Absorption

PHYSIOLOGY OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

ORAL CAVITY

ESOPHAGUS

GASTRIC DIGESTION

SMALL INTESTINE

LARGE INTESTINE

 

CHAPTER 3: Carbohydrate: The Efficient Fuel

CLASSIFICATION

PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLES

REQUIREMENTS

SOURCES

HYPER-STATES AND HYPO-STATES

SUGAR SUBSTITUTES

 

CHAPTER 4: Protein: The Cellular Foundation

AMINO ACIDS

CLASSIFICATION

PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLES

REQUIREMENTS

SOURCES

UNDERCONSUMPTION AND HEALTH-RELATED PROBLEMS

OVERCONSUMPTION AND HEALTH-RELATED PROBLEMS

 

CHAPTER 5: Lipids: The Condensed Energy

CLASSIFICATION

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

CHARACTERISTICS OF FATTY ACIDS

COMPOUND LIPIDS

CHOLESTEROL

PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLES

DIETARY FATS AND DENTAL HEALTH

DIETARY REQUIREMENTS

SOURCES

OVERCONSUMPTION AND HEALTH-RELATED PROBLEMS

UNDERCONSUMPTION AND HEALTH-RELATED PROBLEMS

FAT REPLACERS

 

CHAPTER 6: Utilization of the Energy Nutrients: Metabolism and Balance

METABOLISM

THE ROLE OF THE LIVER

THE ROLE OF THE KIDNEYS

CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM

PROTEIN METABOLISM

LIPID METABOLISM

ALCOHOL METABOLISM

METABOLIC INTERRELATIONSHIPS

METABOLIC ENERGY

BASAL METABOLIC RATE (BMR)

TOTAL ENERGY REQUIREMENTS

ENERGY BALANCE

 

CHAPTER 7: Vitamins Required for Calcified Structures

OVERVIEW OF VITAMINS

VITAMIN A (RETINOL, CAROTENE)

VITAMIN D (CALCIFEROL)

VITAMIN E (TOCOPHEROL)

VITAMIN K

VITAMIN C (ASCORBIC ACID)

 

CHAPTER 8: Minerals Essential for Calcified Structures

BONE MINERALIZATION AND GROWTH

FORMATION OF TEETH

INTRODUCTION TO MINERALS

CALCIUM

PHOSPHORUS

MAGNESIUM

FLUORIDE

 

CHAPTER 9: Nutrients Present in Calcified Structures

COPPER

SELENIUM

CHROMIUM

MANGANESE

MOLYBDENUM

ULTRATRACE ELEMENTS

 

CHAPTER 10: Vitamins Required for Oral Soft Tissues and Salivary Glands

PHYSIOLOGY OF SOFT TISSUES

THIAMIN (VITAMIN B1)

RIBOFLAVIN (VITAMIN B2)

NIACIN

VITAMIN B6 (PYRIDOXINE)

FOLATE/FOLIC ACID

VITAMIN B12 (COBALAMIN)

PANTOTHENIC ACID

BIOTIN

OTHER VITAMINS

 

CHAPTER 11: Water and Minerals Required for Oral Soft Tissues and Salivary Glands

WATER

ELECTROLYTES

SODIUM

CHLORIDE

POTASSIUM

IRON

ZINC

IODINE

 

PART II: CONSIDERATIONS OF CLINICAL NUTRITION

CHAPTER 12: Nutritional Requirements Affecting Oral Health in Females

HEALTH PREGNANCY

LACTATION

ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS

MENOPAUSE

 

CHAPTER 13: Nutritional Requirements During Growth and Development and Eating Habits Affecting Oral Health

INFANTS

DIETARY RECOMMENDATIONS AND GUIDELINES FOR GROWTH (CHILDREN MORE THAN 2 YEARS)

TODDLER AND PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS

SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN (7 TO 12 YEARS OLD)

ADOLESCENTS

 

CHAPTER 14: Nutritional Requirements for Older Adults and Eating Habits Affecting Oral Health

GENERAL HEALTH STATUS

PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS INFLUENCING NUTRITIONAL NEEDS AND STATUS

SOCIOECONOMIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS

NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS

EATING PATTERNS

 

CHAPTER 15: Other Considerations Affecting Nutrient Intake

FOOD PATTERNS

WORKING WITH PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT FOOD PATTERNS

FOOD BUDGETS

MAINTAINING OPTIMAL NUTRITION DURING FOOD PREPARATION

FOOD FADS AND MISINFORMATION

 

CHAPTER 16: Effects of Systemic Disease on Nutritional Status and Oral Health

EFFECTS OF CHRONIC DISEASE ON INTAKE

THE ANEMIAS

OTHER HEMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS

GASTROINTESTINAL PROBLEMS

CARDIOVASCULAR CONDITIONS

SKELETAL SYSTEM

METABOLIC PROBLEMS

NEUROMUSCULAR PROBLEMS

NEOPLASIA

ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY DISEASE

MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS

 

PART III: NUTRITIONAL ASPECTS OF ORAL HEALTH

CHAPTER 17: Nutritional Aspects of Dental Caries: Etiology, Prevention, and Treatment

PREVALENCE

MAJOR FACTORS IN THE DENTAL CARIES PROCESS

DENTAL HYGIENE PLAN

 

CHAPTER 18: Nutritional Aspects of Gingivitis and Periodontal Disease

PHYSICAL EFFECTS OF FOOD ON PERIODONTAL HEALTH

NUTRITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR PERIODONTAL PATIENTS

GINGIVITIS

CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS

NECROTIZING PERIODONTAL DISEASE

 

CHAPTER 19: Nutritional Aspects of Alterations in the Oral Cavity

ORTHODONTICS

XEROSTOMIA

ROOT CARIES AND DENTIN HYPERSENSITIVITY

DENTITION STATUS

ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

LOSS OF ALVEOLAR BONE

GLOSSITIS

TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDER

 

CHAPTER 20: Nutritional Assessment and Counseling for the Dental Hygiene Patient

EVALUATION OF THE PATIENT

ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS

IDENTIFICATION OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS

FORMATION OF NUTRITION TREATMENT PLAN

FACILITATIVE COMMUNICATION SKILLS

 

APPENDIX A: Glossary

APPENDIX B: Growth Charts

APPENDIX C: Sources for Reliable Nutrition Information

APPENDIX D: Recommended Journals and Newsletters

APPENDIX E: Comparison of Popular Diets

APPENDIX F: Answers to Nutritional Quotient Questions